|  Shore  Temple: This magnificent temple is believed to be the lone  survivor of a set of seven temples in Mahabalipuram. One of the  oldest temples constructed in Dravidian-style, the Shore Temple is a  declared UNESCO World Heritage site. Almost entirely covered in  carvings, the temple is a five-storeyed structure sporting shikharas  with overhanging eaves and placed on a square platform. Within the  main complex are three temples, the main dedicated to Lord Shiva, who  is the patron deity here. Before you enter the sanctum housing the  partially-damaged shivling, you’d be confronted with two carved  Dwarpalakas who appear to protect the sanctum. The temple walls are  also lined with carvings of Brahma, Vishnu, Parvati, Skanda, Gaensha,  Narasimha and Durga. The  other two temples in the complex are dedicated to Lord Vishnu in a  reclining position and Vishnu astride the Garuda, helping Gajendra,  the elephant. Carvings depicting the life of Lord Krishna cover the  wall surrounding the mandapas. Also worth noticing here is a rock-cut  structure of two women riding a lion. Also beautiful is a carving of  a buffalo demon running with a stick in his hand. The temple is  particularly striking when it is lit up on weekends.Open  from: 6.00 am-5.30 pm
 Entry  fee – Rs 10
 Arjuna’s  Penance: This is believed to be the largest open-air bas-relief  in the world, carved almost entirely on one side of a cliff. This  structure shows Arjuna doing penance to obtain a special weapon for  the Mahabharata. Along with this, carvings of celestial beings, sun,  moon, sages meditating, scenes from a forest, animals are birds are  also seen. This relief has a fissure, and carvings in it are believed  to depict the flow of Ganges on earth, also called Descent of  Ganga. Legends have it that King Bhagiratha had to bring Ganga  down to earth so he could free the souls of his ancestors. Since the  heavy flow of Ganga would devastate the earth, he performed severe  penance so Lord Shiva would receive the river in his matted locks and  let it drop down. In fact just above the cleft is the ruin of a stone  water tank from where water used to descend through the cleft. Thirukadalmallai:  Dedicated to Lord Vishnu, this structure was built by a Pallava King  as an effort to safeguard sculptures from being corroded by the  ocean. There is also a separate shrine to Lord Narasimha, built in  typical Pallava-style. A prasadam of tamarind rice, curd rice,  pongal, vada and murrukku is offered daily to the god. Varaha  Cave Temple: Located next to Arjuna’s Penance, this temple is a  small rock-cut structure dedicated to Vishnu as a boar. The entrance  to the temple has two pillars engraved with two-horned lions, as if  protecting the shrine. This temple was built to commemorate the  saving of Bhudevi (goddess earth) by Vishnu. Also visible here is a  carving of Goddess Durga on a lotus, standing under the royal  umbrella.Open  from: Sunrise-sunset, Monday-Friday
 Entry  fee – Rs 5
 Krishna  Mandapam: Dedicated to Lord Krishna, this temple has carvings  depicting Krishna’s life. A particularly imteresting carving is  that of Krishna lifting the Govardhan Mountain to protect the locals.  Other interesting carvings include a shepherd milking a cow, a farmer  walking with a child on his shoulder, a shepherdess carrying a pot of  curd and a woman carrying a rolled mat on her head and a tier of  arranged pots in her hand.
Open  from: Sunrise-sunset, Monday-Friday
 Entry  fee – Rs 5
 Mahishasuramardini  Mandapam: This rock-cut temple has three shrines inside, with  carvings of Goddess Durga waging a battle against the Mahishasura  demon. Other carvings include a sculpture of Shiva with Parvati,  Ganesh and Skanda, Lord Vishnu in a reclining position on the  serpent, Lord Brahma and Lord Vishnu.Open  from: Sunrise-sunset, Monday-Friday
 Entry  fee – Rs 5
 Pancha  Rathas: This is a fine example of a monolith rock-cut structure  in Mahabalipuram. Dedicated to the pandavas and their wife Draupadi,  each shrine is built out of a single piece of stone. Draupadi’s  Rath is a hut-shaped structure located at the entrance of the  entire complex and dedicated to Goddess Durga. Carvings of Durga  standing on a lotus and worshipped by two devotees and a carving of  the lion, enhance its appeal. Arjuna’s Rath is dedicated to  Lord Shiva, and is striking for the absence of carvings on the inner  walls. The outer walls, however, have interesting carvings of Lord  Vishnu, Lord Indra and two women. A figure of Nandi Bull is also  present, though it is incomplete. The Nakul and Sahadeva Rath is dedicated to Lord Indra and has carvings of elephants, which face  the sea. The Bhima Rath is particularly striking because of  its magnanimous shrine and pillars carved with lions. Yudhishtar  Rath is possibly the largest of all Rathas and is dedicated to  Lord Shiva. The peculiarity of this temple is the absence of stairs  from the ground to the first floor, though stairs are present from  the first to the second floor. You’d also find here a carving of  Ardhanareshwar, a blend of Shiva and Parvati. Other carvings include  those of Lord Krishna and Lord Vishnu, a devotee holing a flower  basket and a temple priest holding a set of keys. The Ganesh Rath is the only complete structure in this complex. It was earlier  dedicated to Lord Shiva, and now is a shrine to Lord Ganesha. 
Entry  fee – Rs 10
 Trimurti  Cave: Another rock-cut temple, it is dedicated to the Hindu  Trinity – Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. Carvings of a Shivling and Lord  Brahma adorn the first two cells. The third cell has an image of  Goddess Durga, who is depicted stamping Mahishasura’s head. Also  present adjacent to it is a rock-cut zoo, which depicts carvings of  an elephant, a calf, a monkey and a peacock. Replica  of Arjuna’s Penance: Located close to Krishna Mandapam, this  was possibly started as an effort to replicate Arjuna’s Penance.  Though incomplete, you can catch a glimpse of the efforts put in to  create it. Adivaraha  Temple: Located close to the Mahishasura Mandapam, this shrine is  dedicated to Vishnu as a boar. Carvings of Vishnu’s 10  reincarnations (the 9th being as Buddha), adorn the walls.  Carvings of shiva receiving the Ganges in his matted locks are also  visible. Vishnu seated on the lotus and surrounded by his queens,  Goddess Lakshmi on a lotus and two figures of Pallava kings are other  interesting carvings inside. Krishna’s  Butterball: This is one of the most striking elements of  Mahabalipuram near Ganesh Ratha. This huge natural rock is perched on  a hillside and does not move. In fact, the Pallava kings had once  tried to move it with the help of elephants, but were unable to do  so. It also provides a respite from the heat – if you dare to sit  beneath it! Tiger’s  Cave: The mere mention of this is likely to conjure up images of  prowling tigers, but that is absolutely not the case! This cave  derives its name from a lone cave with tiger heads set around the  temple. This cave is a favourite picnic spot and contains a shrine  dedicated to Goddess Durga. Mamallapuram  Beach: This is one of the cleanest and well-kept beaches in  India, close to the Shore Temple. The shore is fringed with  casuarinas groves and provides spectacular views of the sunrise and  sunset. You can also enjoy a session of swimming here, though you  must remember that nudity is strictly prohibited here. Government  College of Sculpture: Located 2 kms from Mahabalipuram, this is  the best place to catch a glimpse of how carvings and rock-cut  architecture was done. You can also undertake a course of creating  sculptures in wood and stone. |